Arthritis and the Wear of Cartilage

There are two forms of cartilage in the knee,adults are more prone to degeneration because as
articular cartilage and the meniscus. Articular cartilagepeople get older, age makes cartilage more
surrounds the surfaces of the bones that make upsusceptible to wear and tear.
the knee. The articular cartilage prevents damageMeniscus tears usually involve the following
when the bones move and rub against one another.symptoms:o Pain, swelling and tendernesso Clicking
Resting on top of the articular cartilage are twoand popping inside the kneeo Restricted motion
wedges of cartilage that make up the meniscus. TheMeniscus Tear Treatment
meniscus distributes weight evenly throughout theMany meniscal tears, particularly chronic tears, can be
leg. Without the meniscus, weight is applied unevenlytreated non-operatively by physical therapy,
to the bones, which results in arthritis of the knee.strengthening exercises, medications and cortisone
Meniscus tears, which are also referred to as cartilageinjections.
tears, involve pain and swelling in the knee.Surgery is not usually necessary to treat meniscus
Sometimes meniscus tears also result in joint locking,tears. Physical therapy is a more common treatment.
which prevents the knee from fully straightening. TheSometimes physical therapy is accompanied by
meniscus is basically really tough cartilage, which ismedication and cortisone injections to alleviate pain.
made up of two menisci that conform to thePartial menisectomy surgery is the most common
surfaces of the bones. The menisci can be found onform of surgery for meniscus tears. It involves
the surface between the femur (thigh bone) and tibiaremoval of the torn portion of the meniscus. Usually
(shin bone).this is a good option if the tear is small. If the tear is
The two most common causes of meniscus tearslarge, surgeons have the option of repairing the
are traumatic injury and degeneration. Athletes aremeniscus with sutures or tacks instead of moving the
prone to traumatic injuries that involve bending andtorn section of the meniscus entirely.
twisting of the knee to result in meniscus tears. Older