Brain Injury Prevention and Treatment to Help Students, Pro Athletes

Professional Sports Respond to Traumatic Brainstates have the financial means to prevent, diagnose
Injury Riskand treat sports-related concussions in schools.
Olympic silver medalist Todd Hays has been forcedPopyer, who has sustained 11 concussions, can no
to retire as an American bobsled driver afterlonger play basketball due to her head injuries. But
sustaining a serious traumatic brain injury. Hays hasshe's not alone. Recent statistics show that a
been diagnosed with a intraparenchymal hematomatraumatic brain injury occurs once every 23 seconds
where the brain bleeds after suffering trauma.in the United States. Younger age groups between
This potentially life-threatening injury can result in athe ages of zero and four and teenagers aged 15
stroke if excess bleeding increases pressure on thethrough 19 years old are most at risk to sustain a
brain. Although Hays is expected to make a fulltraumatic brain injury. Brain injuries occur in close to
recovery, his retirement is a necessity to prevent20 percent of high school athletes each season.
additional brain damage.Although a variety of causes can contribute to a
Hays's accident occurred a week after the Nationaltraumatic brain injury - including falls, auto accidents,
Football Association announced an updated policy onbeing struck by or against an object and assault -
concussion management. Under the new guidelines, ifsports-related injuries are a major cause for concern
a player shows signs of a concussion, the player willbecause they impact younger people whose brains
be removed from practice or the game. Previousare still in the development stages. Individuals
policy allowed players to return as soon as theemotional and cognitive development can be
symptoms dissipated, even during the same gameaffected.
that the injury occurred.Recent Medical Breakthrough May Help Brain-Injured
In October 2009, the United States CongressPatients While Congress debates the benefits of
conducted a hearing on how the NFL handledtraumatic brain injury prevention, recent scientific
concussion treatment, which may have prompted thedevelopment may help with traumatic brain injury
head injury guideline update.treatment. A study published in the Proceedings of
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI), including concussions,the National Academy of Sciences found that diets
are serious injuries that currently do not have a cure.rich in amino acids helped restore cognitive abilities in
Although concussions are one of many types ofbrain-injured mice.
TBIs, frequent head injuries can make individualsPrior to clinical learning and memory trials,
more concussion prone, which may impact his or herTBI-afflicted mice were given an amino acid mixture
health as they grow older. According to the Centerin drinking water. Those that received the amino
for Disease Control, other brain disorders, such asacid-rich water responded better than brain-injured
Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's Disease, are moremice that did not receive the amino acid mix. The
likely to develop in a TBI patient. Although men arespecific amino acids used are the forerunners of
more likely than women to sustain a TBI, brainimportant neurotransmitters glutamate and
injuries can occur in both men and women.gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, which facilitate
Congress Receives Call to Action These high-profilevital brain activity.
head injuries have brought attention to sports-relatedIf proven to be successful in human patients, amino
concussions and other traumatic brain injuries;acid traumatic brain injury treatment could financially
however younger generations should be concernedbenefit the more than 5 million Americans who are
about TBIs as well. Sixteen-year-old Niki Popyer haspermanently disabled from the affects of a traumatic
teamed up with two former NFL players to askbrain injury. TBI aftereffects include problems in
Congress to draft legislation developing guidelines tothinking, sensation, language and emotions, not to
control and manage concussions in school sports. Themention early retirement from sports. Clinical trials are
Concussion Treatment and Care Tools Act, orexpected to start in the next year.
ConTACT Act, would establish a grant program so