| What is considered an emerging area for arthritis | | | | for symptom reduction and cost effective (Zizic TM, |
| therapy is the use of pulsed electromagnetic field | | | | Hoffman KC, Holt PA, Hungerford DS, O'Dell JR, |
| (PEMF) therapy and electrotherapeutics. Termed, | | | | Jacobs MA, Lewis CG, Deal CL, Caldwell JR, |
| "electroceuticals", PEMF are highly-refined | | | | Cholewczynski JG, et al. The treatment of |
| electromagnetic fields that are now being used to | | | | osteoarthritis of the knee with pulsed electrical |
| non-invasively "kickstart" the body's natural | | | | stimulation. J Rheumatol 22(9):1757-61, 1995). |
| anti-inflammatory response to treat pain and | | | | The application of PEMF stimulation for osteoarthritis |
| inflammation and help soft tissue wounds heal faster. | | | | has been supported by additional work by Trock et |
| Numerous in vitro and clinical studies have | | | | al. In their experiment 86 patients with knee |
| demonstrated that electric and magnetic energy has | | | | osteoarthritis were exposed to 9 hours of PEMF |
| a positive effect on connective tissue healing. This | | | | stimulation over a 1-month period using a non-contact |
| has prompted an extensive amount of research in | | | | device. Up to 36% of the patients noticed |
| orthopedics and rheumatology. While modern pulsed | | | | improvement in pain and function. PEMF therapy is |
| electromagnetic fields (PEMF) have been available for | | | | considered safe but should be avoided in those who |
| more than 20 years, they are only now becoming a | | | | are pregnant, those patients with permanent |
| standard of care for delayed union fracture | | | | pacemakers and patients with known cancer (Trock |
| treatment. | | | | DH, Bollet AJ, Markoll R. The effect of pulsed |
| Electromagnetic fields can be delivered by using direct | | | | electromagnetic fields in the treatment of |
| placement of an electrode non-invasively by | | | | osteoarthritisof the knee and cervical spine. Report |
| capacitive coupling (opposing electrodes placed on | | | | of randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trials. |
| skin across the target area) or inductive coupling | | | | Trock DH, Bollet AJ, Markoll R. Rheumatol |
| (PEMF induce an electric current in the target area | | | | 21(10):1903-11, 1994). |
| without skin contact altogether). | | | | Because of the non invasive nature of this mode of |
| In a randomized trial, Zizic et al studied a pulsed | | | | therapy, it has promise as an additional weapon in the |
| electric device used to treat 78 patients with chronic | | | | arsenal of the rheumatologist in treating osteoarthritis. |
| knee osteoarthritis via skin surface electrodes. The | | | | Where PEMF will fall exactly in the sequence of |
| active treatment was superior to placebo in | | | | treatment is still unknown. Further experience should |
| symptom reduction and was proved to be effective | | | | clarify this issue. |