How to Recover Faster After Joint Replacement Surgery for Arthritis

Findings from a recent study indicate that forpre-surgery. Post-surgery, the exercise group
osteoarthritis patients, an exercise program will allowreduced the odds of being discharged directly to a
a faster recovery following joint replacement surgery.rehabilitation facility rather than going home by 73%.
Researchers from Harvard Medical School (Boston'sSimilarly, 76% of the exercisers were able to walk 50
New England Baptist Hospital, and Beth Israelfeet on the third day post-surgery compared with
Deaconess Medical Center) studied 108 men and61% of non exercisers. The researchers also noted
women with severe osteoarthritis scheduled for totalthat patients who exercised reported being well
hip or knee replacement surgery at Boston's Newprepared mentally for their rehabilitation. This was in
England Baptist Hospital. Patients were typically inpart because they were no longer afraid of exercise
their late 50s to late 60s.and they understood from first-hand experience how
The researchers randomly split the patients into twoimportant it was.
groups.Sixty-five percent of the exercisers were able to go
Patients in one group followed a six-week exercisestraight home, compared to 44% of the
program before their operation.non-exercisers, the study showed.
The other group was not asked to exercise beforeExercisers who got total hip replacement also
surgery.showed a significant advantage in their pre-surgery
The exercise group performed workouts three timesfunction -- based on their own ratings of their ability
weekly for six weeks and were monitored carefullyto handle routine activities -- compared to the
to make sure the exercise was commensurate withnon-exercisers.
their physical condition.However, no functional benefit was seen in
For the first three weeks, patients in the exerciseexercisers who had their knees replaced.
group worked out in a pool, the reasoning being thatThe reasons for that aren't clear, the researchers
the natural buoyancy of the water made waternoted, although they said the difference may have
workouts easy on the joints. The patients stood inbeen related to the joint location. A longer period of
chest-deep water, exercising all of their joints.exercise may be needed to help knee function was
For the last three weeks, patients exercised in aone hypothesis put forth by the researchers.
gym on recumbent stationary bikes or ellipticalThe conclusions were that "an appropriately designed
machines. These particular pieces of equipment areprogram of water and land-based exercise involving
low impact.cardiovascular, strength training, and flexibility
Patients also did strength training and stretches foractivities can be a safe, tolerable, and effective
flexibility during the program's last three weeks.approach to improving muscle strength in middle-aged
A physical therapist supervised the workouts, whichand older adults with severe osteoarthritis of the hip
lasted 30-60 minutes and were held at a communityand knee."
fitness facility.Author's note: it is important that any exercise
Prior to the study, patients rated their ability to doprogram be OK'd by your physician, designed by the
normal chores and activities. They also took tests oforthopedic surgeon or another representative of the
balance, mobility, and leg strength. These tests weresurgical team, and supervised by a physical therapist.
repeated right before surgery, and also afterwards.(Rooks DS et al. Effect of Preoperative Exercise on
Exercisers having hip replacement surgery improvedMeasures of Functional Status in Men and Women
their function and pain scores before surgery.Undergoing Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty. Arthritis
Patients in the exercise group, both hip and kneeCare & Research. 2006; 55(5): 700-708).
replacement patients, increased leg strength by anThis article was adapted from a news release from
average of 18% to 20% (leg-press scores)the Arthritis Foundation.