The Tensor Fascia Lata and Unequal Leg Length

The tensor fascia lata (TFL) is a muscle continuousthat addresses one leg at a time.
with the fascia lata (iliotibial tract), a tendon ofProblems of apparent unequal leg length often involve
unusual shape, that of a broad sheath that runs alonga habitually contracted TFL on the longer-leg side and
the lateral aspect of the thigh and inserts at thecontracted psoas and obliques on the shorter leg side.
lateral epicondyle of the tibia.Hip joint compression due to contracted glutei may
Its function is distinct from those of neighboringalso be involved, a problem that often leads to hip
muscles, the gluteus medius, which abducts andjoint replacement surgery. Heightened tension of the
extends the thigh, and gluteus minimus, which flexesTFL places strain on the fascia lata, inducing "IT Band
and internally rotates the thigh. Despite analysis basedSyndrome," which can be relieved by freeing the
upon its location, the TFL functions as neither anperson with a tight TFL from the reflexive muscular
abductor nor flexor of the thigh at the hip intension holding the TFL and its synergists tight,
common movement behavior, but elevates thegenerally through sensory-motor training (a
opposite side of the pelvis by pulling down on itssub-speciality of somatic education).
attachment near the AIIS (anterior inferior iliac spine)Leg retraction (along its length - as would result from
during the foot-down phase of walking or running.action of the same-side QL or obliques) inhibits or
That is, when ones weight is on one leg and stabilizedinterferes with, or otherwise confuses the action of
by the ground, the tensor fascia lata contracts, pullsthe same-side TFL and must be addressed for
down on its side of the pelvis and elevates themovement training to be optimally successful. That
opposite side, as the opposite leg swings forward.means the movements of both leg protraction
The action of the TFL is aided by the quadratus(reaching) and retraction (pulling short) must be freed
lumborum (QL) of the opposite side, contraction ofand improved, When working with the TFL of one
which helps elevate that side of the pelvis.side, a movement of knee toward chest of the
In effect, the TFL and QL together cause a reachingother leg is useful.
action of the leg. The abdominal obliques of the QLUnequal leg length generally indicates an injury to one
(opposite) side usually participate, as well,side of the body (not necessarily a lower extremity
Movements of these muscles are synergistically aidedinjury) at some time in life, where the change of leg
by a movement of the opposite leg knee-forward inlength came not from the injury, but from the
hip flexion, as the iliopsoas muscles and gluteusprotective cringing at the site of injury, leading to
minimus bring the free leg forward.retraction of the extremity. Activity in stressful
This synergy is better understood not as "musclesathletic situations (such as downhill walking or running)
helping each other," but as "the brain coordinatingmay further trigger the retraction response.
movements," since coordination is a brain functionWith this understanding, it is evident why movement
and coordinated leg action is inherent in organismstraining via somatic education is a superior approach
with legs. For movement education purposes, ato unequal leg length than massage, stretching,
higher level of brain-integration results fromorthotics, icing, or cortisone injections, and how
movement training that involves both legs at thesomatic education can complement and accelerate
same time, each leg doing its respective, opposite,progress in physical therapy.
contra-lateral movements of walking, than of training