Introduction to biomechanics


Keep Your System Simple! Self-Defense And The Science Of Stress Performance

"There  Are  No  Superior  Martial  Arts,attacked by a large, strong, psychopathic
assailant. There is no way of avoiding the
Only Superior Martial Artists"I've read,fight. Let's say your self-defense system
heard, repeated and written that phrase soconsists of 20 different techniques. In the
often I can't even remember where it camestressful moments preceding the encounter
from. The reason I like it so much isyour mind is reeling; trying to figure out
because it's true!This article is not anotherthe most appropriate course of action.Keep in
effort to debate the merits of onemind that your cognitive abilities are
self-defense system over another. Nor is itimpaired by stress. Stress-related "brain
to argue about which style will or won't workdamage" prevents you from forming a logical
"on the street." All martial arts haveor creative solution to your predicament.
components within them that are powerfulWhat will you do?Seeing your dilemma, a good
fighting techniques. It's important to knowfriend (if he wasn't before he is now!)
which ones they are!Self-Defense Systemsdiscretely passes you a set of brass
Differ,knuckles. What do you suppose has just
happened to your thought process?I'll hazard
But Self-Defense Principles Don'tOn thea guess that the mental fog begins to lift,
surface, martial arts and self-defenseyour stress decreases and your objective
systems seem different. However, if they arebecomes clear. It's now a simple matter of
legitimate and effective, the principlestaking those brass knuckles and slamming them
underlying them are the same.Principles arerepeatedly into vulnerable parts of your
the rules about the way things are. They areopponent's anatomy. Seems simple now doesn't
inarguable, non-negotiable and unchanging.it?The potential of you winning the encounter
They have nothing to do with the way we thinkhas been significantly enhanced. That same
things are or the way we want them to be.affect can be achieved without the brass
Like the laws of physics, they just are.Asknuckles by sticking to a limited, yet
"Martial Scientists," our goal is to explore,adaptable, inventory of dependable fighting
discover, test and confirm the operativeskills.THE SCIENCE OF STRESS POINTS TO THE
principles that define and influence theNEED TO SPECIALIZEVirtually all accomplished
reality of combat. Your ability to produce afighters are known for specific techniques
desired result, in this case to effectivelythat they excel at. However, if you ignore
defend yourself, is a direct result of howtheir "bread & butter" techniques, most of
well you understand and apply the principlesthem would be considered "average." Those
of combat and human performance.What Do Youfighters excel because of their ability to
Know  Aboutsimplify their system and build on their
superior techniques.Knowing what you now know
Performance Under Pressure?This article isabout technique selection and stress
about how fear and stress affect fightingperformance, what do you think about the
performance. Whether you consider yourself amerits of "specializing" in a core set of
seasoned martial artist, a self-defensefighting skills? Here's how to get
enthusiast, or a self-taught "ham & egger"started.Explore Your StrengthsDon't just
who just wants to stay in shape and boostlatch onto a fighting tactic arbitrarily.
your confidence, this information isEvaluate your existing skills and select a
important to know. If you are training forstrike, a kick, or a finishing hold that
self-defense, you need to select and developseems like a "good fit" for you. What
skills that will be effective in the chaos oftechnique to you consistently land or apply
a violent conflict. This article will helpwhen sparring? What is your best or favorite
you in that process.FEAR, STRESS ANDtechnique? What technique do you feel you
SELF-DEFENSEStress  Is  Good,  But Only If Itwould resort to under pressure? Answering
these questions will get you started with the
Works For And Not Against YouStress is ourspecialization process.AdaptabilityHaving as
response to a real or perceived threat thatfew techniques as possible doesn't mean that
we inherited from our ancestors. It was, andyou limit your ability to respond to a wide
is, essential for our survival as a species.variety of situations. The idea is to take
That survival mechanism, often called thethat specialty strike, kick, joint lock or
"Fight or Flight Response," is a good thing.choke and train it in as many different ways
If properly managed, it can be a powerfulas possible. Learn to apply those basic
force in fighting off (fight) or escapingskills at different ranges (striking,
from (flight) a violent assailant. However,clinching or on the ground), against
if ignored or misunderstood, stress candifferent partners, against different
impair our mental and physical performanceapparatus and in as many drills as you can
and compromise our effectiveness in athink of. Learn how to set them up and follow
fight.What Is "Self-Defense Stress?"Stress,them up. Strive to learn a lot about a
as it relates to violence, is the response tolittle, not vice versa.Train to Momentary
a perceived discrepancy between a threat andExhaustionA good way to see how well a
your ability to control it under conditionstechnique holds up under stress is to train
where the outcome has the potential forit to extreme fatigue. You can bring on the
death, injury or physical degradation.Thephysiology of intense stress by exerting
Symptoms Of StressStress causes a variety ofyourself. I call this "blitz training" in the
psychological and physiological changes.heavy bag article: "There's nothing like a
Without getting into the specifics of thoseswift kick to the bag." on my site at: out a
changes, the affects of intense stress ontechnique or combination repeatedly for a
performance fall into three categories:1.specified duration or until you can't do it
Perceptual Distortion - loss of peripheralany more. I can guarantee that gross motor
vision and depth perception, hearing may beskills will be the only ones conducive to
impaired, changes in pain sensitivity, etc.2.this type of training.Keep in mind that you
Cognitive Impairment - the emotional centerswouldn't do this training all of the time.
in the brain become predominant and creativeYou need time to recover between intense
or logical thinking is impaired.3. Motorworkouts like this.Obviously you must be
Skill Deterioration - the ability to performhealthy and in good physical shape to do in
certain physical actions is impaired bythis training. Refer to my disclaimer page
stress. However, other actions can actuallyfor precautions before following this advice.
be enhanced by stress.Each of theseIs Not InflexibilityA final note in keeping
categories could form an article (or book) ofthings simple is that the process of
their own. However, for the purposes of thisspecialization doesn't mean that you stop
article, I'll confine myself to informationlearning, experimenting or that you abandon
pertaining to the selection and performanceyour existing training program in lieu of a
of physical skills.THE KYSS! PRINCIPLE (Keep"bare-bones" self-defense program.If you are
Your System Simple!)Why Do Black Belts Getproud of your traditional martial arts system
Beat Up?Why is it that so many martialstick with it. If you love to jump up, spin
artists get beat up? I'm sorry to burst youraround and kick things, then by all means, go
bubble if you thought otherwise but the factfor it! Just don't confuse techniques that
is that many people, even after years ofwill work in a street fight with those that
training, have been thumped by "unskilled,"won't. Apply the science of stress
intoxicated adversaries. How can thatperformance by adding specialty training to
be?Often people train with a distorted mentalthe degree that you want to develop practical
map of what it's like to be in a real,self-defense skills.SO WHAT? HOW TO USE THIS
knockdown, drag-out, anything-goesINFORMATIONUsing  The  "KYSS!  Principle"
street-fight. They confuse sparring with
fighting and find themselves hesitant,To Evaluate A Potential Specialty
overwhelmed by fear or attempting techniquesTechniqueNow its time to put this stuff into
that just don't work.The more clearly youpractice: Based on the priority you place on
understand the realities of a "fight" and the"fighting skill." (there are several other
affects of being in one, the better you canbenefits and reasons to train) Take a good,
prepare yourself for the chaos of personalhard look at the skills you have in your
combat.Motor Skills ClassificationMotorinventory and the amount of time you plan to
Skills is a fancy name for physical actionsinvest in training.Decide on what proportion
or techniques. They can be divided intoof your training you want to dedicate to
three categories:1. Fine Motor Skills - areself-defense. Design your system based on
actions involving small muscles, dexteritythe following "KYSS Criteria."=> is the
and eye-hand coordination. The ability totechnique a "gross motor skill?"=> do you
perform fine motor skills deteriorates at lowhave confidence in your ability to perform
to moderate levels of stress.2. Complex Motorthe skill under pressure?=> What technique is
Skills - are actions that link three or moremost successful for you in training
components in a sequence that requires timingsparring or competition? (however don't
and coordination. At moderate to high levelsconfuse those activities with fighting)=> Is
of stress, the ability to perform thesethe technique applicable in a wide variety of
skills is also impaired. Many martial artssituations, at different ranges, in
techniques are complex motor skills. Thisdifferent environments, ring clothing that
explains why techniques that may work fine inyou were during your day-to-day activities?=>
low-stress training fail in a high-stressAre you able to construct a wide variety of
street-fight.3. Gross motor skills - aretraining drills to build adaptability and
simple, large-muscle group actions like aflexibility in your chosen techniques?=> Are
squats, pushups and push/pull-type movements.there techniques that you've selected that
This includes basic fighting skills like aare redundant?=> Do you understand the
straight punch, a hook punch or a Thaiunderlying principles and biomechanics of
boxer's knee strike for example. Unlike fineperforming and applying the skill with
and complex motor skills, gross motor skillsoptimal efficiency?CONCLUSIONStress in a
DO NOT deteriorate under stress. In fact,combative situation is a given. Expect it.
they are enhanced by the affects of fear andIt's going to be there. Your performance is
stress.Obviously we want to relythe result of how confident and well prepared
predominantly on gross motor skills whenyou are in addition to how well designed your
designing a self-defense response system.Theself-defense response system is. Attack the
"Less-Is-Best" TheorySome self-defense andproblem of stress performance this way:=>
martial arts instructors believe in theSimplify your system through specializing in
"More-Is-Better" philosophy. They think thata handful of effective and adaptable
learning a high number of techniques willtechniques.=> Artificially create stress in
increase the ability to respond effectivelyyour training sessions to inoculate yourself
to a wider variety of situations; that theto it to some degree (more on this in future
more elaborate the fighting system the morearticles) and...=> Select gross motor skills
adaptable it becomes.If you hold thisthat will be efficient under stress.Knowing
philosophy yourself, please forgive mywhat you now know about stress performance
bluntness but...YOU'RE WRONG!!! Theisn't it obvious that the "KYSS! (Keep Your
More-Is-Better approach does not withstandSystem Simple!) Principle" is worth
scientific scrutiny. Complex or elaborateincorporating into your training? Scrutinize
techniques don't work in a real fight. It'sand evaluate your inventory of fighting
as simple as that.In contrast, theskills and select those that meet the KYSS
"Less-Is-Best" approach is more practical,criteria and you will improve your
realistic and consistent with what scienceperformance in a combative situation
tells us about the way we perform underdramatically. The bottom line of what I want
stress. Here are a few of the benefits ofyou to take away from this article is that if
keeping the number of techniques to ayou are training for self-defense Keep Your
minimum.Faster Reaction TimeAs far back asSystem Simple!Take care, train smart and stay
the 1800's, researchers knew that the moresafe,Randy  LaHaie
responses you have to a stimulus, the longer
it takes react. In 1952, a researcher namedProtective Strategies==============
Hicks confirmed that for every responseSelf-Defense Quote ================="There
choice added, the amount of time required toare no superior or inferior martial arts,
react doubles! This is widely known asthere are only warriors and
"Hicks Law," and has been repeatedlynon-warriors""Each martial art is based on
confirmed by subsequent research. In adoctrine, a set of broad and general beliefs.
self-defense situation, the longer you takePeople who study a single doctrine tend to
to respond to a threatening action, the moreshut out ideas from other sources and
likely you will be injured and defeated.Fastconvince themselves that their's is the one
Results With Minimal TrainingAnother issuetrue way of fighting. They become slaves to
that supports the idea of keeping yourthe very doctrines they profess."Forrest E.
inventory of techniques to a minimum is theMorgan,  Maj.  USAF
amount of time you have to practice and the
time it takes to build technique competence.Living  The  Martial  Way
(remember: competence builds confidence which
reduces stress!)Imagine you work on 20A Manual For The Way A Modern Warrior Should
techniques and you train for an hour perThink
session. That means you have 3 minutes to
invest on each technique. If however, you
reduce the number of self-defense techniques=============================================
to three (just an arbitrary number), you===================Randy LaHaie is the
invest 20 minutes on each technique,president  of  Protective
conceivably investing 600% more time and
repetition on each one. What techniqueStrategies and has been teaching
wouldn't be improved by six times morereality-based
training?The Brass Knuckle Effect (Cognitive
Clarity)Imagine you knew you were about to beself-defense for over 30 years.



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