Introduction to biomechanics


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Knee Pain or Something Else?

Pain in your knee?about orthotics, we need to check out
Sometimes when you have knee pain andthe hips and pelvis.
you've been to see specialists andThe first thing to do is to manage the
nothing seems to be the answer, you docause. In other words we need to
wonder whether you'll end up needingre-orientate the pelvis to reduce the
divine intervention. With biomechanicsleg length discrepancy. To do this we
becoming more widely understood, we nowhave to reduce the muscle spasm in the
know that by sorting out youroutside of the hip (in a muscle called
biomechanics, we can often reduce thepiriformis) to allow the joint to
need to get down on your knees and pray.re-orientate itself. The best way to do
The affects our biomechanics have on ourthis is by performing 'anti-spasm'
body and the vicious circle of injuryexercises for the muscle. Stretching or
and pain it can cause is one of the mainflexibility work just won't cut it. You
reasons knee pain can be recurrent.need to return the muscle to normal
A rotated pelvis for example can gofunction, not just stretch it. Once the
unnoticed for many years until thespasm is eradicated as much as possible,
compensations start to cause problems.then the leg length typically returns to
This abnormal pelvic position oftennormal length. Now you have a level
causes one leg to appear longer orplaying field. If the symptoms have not
shorter and the body must compensate forsubsided and if you still over pronate,
this. Typically one way it compensatesnow you can safely have orthotics
is to overly flatten (pronate) the footprescribed, as any remaining foot
of the longer leg to shorten it, anotherbiomechanical problem will be inherent
way is to bend the knee more.to the foot. Rehab on your knee will
Unfortunately both of these options willnow have a better chance of working for
increase the load on the knee. If theyou, if it's still necessary.
foot over pronates, it will cause theTo fully complete your rehab talk to
leg to internally rotate excessively.your local physio about exercises to
This rotation force will often bestabilise your knee and pelvis. In
absorbed at the knee, which can resultother words exercises that allow your
in pain. If the knee bends too muchmuscles to control your pelvis and knee
during mid-stance phase, this willwithout them needing to go into spasm.
de-stabilise the knee and it willPart of this process is achieved by
naturally want to rotate inwards. Ifso-called 'core stability exercises',
this is combined with an already overbut also you need to speak to your
pronating foot, the problem isphysio about plyometric exercises for
exaggerated. Both of these situationspelvic and knee muscles that you can do
are likely to cause knee pain.in the gym.
Certainly if knee pain already existsAs a result of one of the largest
this type of load will prevent it fromstudies in biomechanics by Galileo
settling down, even if it isn't the mainActive we can all benefit from assessing
cause of the problem.our biomechanics, in the comfort of our
Managing these biomechanical issues ishome. They have developed a CD ROM
critical if your knee pain is to besoftware program that helps you asses
managed and allow you to return to longyour biomechanics with the software
term running. Bearing in mind that 60%prescribing the exercises needed to
of the biomechanical problems with yourremove these biomechanical problems and
feet are due to compensations for faultyin turn help manage and prevent the
hip or pelvic biomechanics, it istypes of knee injuries we're talking
important that before we start thinkingabout in this article.



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