| Biomechanics is the research and analysis
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| | regarded as instances in which living
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| of the mechanics of living organisms or
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| | tissue is remodeling as a direct
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| the application and derivation of
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| | consequence of applied loads.
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| engineering principles to and from
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| | Relevant mathematical tools include
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| biological systems. The research and
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| | linear algebra, differential equations,
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| analysis can be carried forth on multiple
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| | vector and tensor calculus, numerics and
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| levels, from the molecular, wherein
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| | computational techniques such as the
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| biomaterials such as collagen and elastin
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| | finite element method.
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| are considered, all the way up to the
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| | The study of biomaterials is of crucial
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| tissue and organ level. Some simple
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| | importance to biomechanics. For example,
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| applications of Newtonian mechanics can
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| | the various tissues within the body, such
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| supply correct approximations on each
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| | as skin, bone, and arteries each possess
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| level, but precise details demand the use
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| | unique material properties. The passive
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| of continuum mechanics.
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| | mechanical response of a particular
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| Aristotle wrote the first book on
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| | tissue can be attributed to
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| biomechanics, De Motu Animalium, or On
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| | characteristics of the various proteins,
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| the Movement of Animals. He not only saw
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| | such as elastin and collagen, living
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| animals' bodies as mechanical systems,
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| | cells, ground substances such as
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| but pursued questions such as the
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| | proteoglycans, and the orientations of
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| physiological difference between
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| | fibers within the tissue. For example, if
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| imagining performing an action and
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| | human skin were largely composed of a
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| actually doing it. Some simple examples
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| | protein other than collagen, many of its
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| of biomechanics research include the
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| | mechanical properties, such as its
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| investigation of the forces that act on
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| | elastic modulus, would be different.
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| limbs, the aerodynamics of bird and
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| | Chemistry, molecular biology, and cell
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| insect flight, the hydrodynamics of
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| | biology have much to offer in the way of
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| swimming in fish, and locomotion in
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| | explaining the active and passive
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| general across all forms of life, from
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| | properties of living tissues. For
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| individual cells to whole organisms. The
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| | example, in muscle contractions, the
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| biomechanics of human beings is a core
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| | binding of myosin to actin is based on a
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| part of kinesiology.
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| | biochemical reaction involving calcium
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| Applied mechanics, most notably
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| | ions and ATP.
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| thermodynamics and continuum mechanics,
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| | The study of biomechanics ranges from the
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| and mechanical engineering disciplines
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| | inner workings of a cell to the movement
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| such as fluid mechanics and solid
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| | and development of limbs, the
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| mechanics, play prominent roles in the
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| | vasculature, and bones. As we develop a
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| study of biomechanics. By applying the
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| | greater understanding of the
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| laws and concepts of physics,
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| | physiological behavior of living tissues,
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| biomechanical mechanisms and structures
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| | researchers are able to advance the field
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| can be simulated and studied.
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| | of tissue engineering, as well as develop
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| It has been shown that applied loads and
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| | improved treatments for a wide array of
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| deformations can affect the properties of
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| | pathologies.
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| living tissue. There is much research in
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| | Biomechanics as a sports science,
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| the field of growth and remodeling as a
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| | kinesiology, applies the laws of
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| response to applied loads. For example,
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| | mechanics and physics to human
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| the effects of elevated blood pressure on
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| | performance in order to gain a greater
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| the mechanics of the arterial wall, the
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| | understanding of performance in athletic
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| behavior of cardiomyocytes within a heart
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| | events through modeling, simulation, and
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| with a cardiac infarct, and bone growth
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| | measurement.
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| in response to exercise have been widely
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