Introduction to biomechanics


War Veterans and Traumatic Brain Injury

Each year the number of U.S. veteranssymptoms of mild TBI.
increases as soldiers returning from* No treatments currently exist to cure
America's most recent wars come home.long-lasting symptoms of TBI.
However, as the survivors are welcomedFlawed Brain Injury Technology
home after pursuing a dutiful careerUnfortunately, as budgets are cut, the
serving their country, a new generationquality of care and technology also
of men and women suffering from mild- todecreases. Most recently the Government
severe-traumatic brain injuries (TBI)Accountability Office (GAO) reviewed
are greeted with battled medical budgetsnine Veterans Affairs (VA) medical
and flawed TBI technologies, which don'tcenters and found that the TBI-screening
provide the necessary services andtest's validity and reliability may be
treatments required to improve theirflawed.
newly developed disabilities.Additionally, the report found that
With an average of 1.4 million Americanssoldiers with TBI may be receiving
undergoing some form of TBI, the numberinadequate or unnecessary care for their
of scientists and researchers strivingbrain injuries, according to an
to cure these individuals should be everAssociated Press article from January
increasing, however, dwindling budgets2008. The report found that:
continue to compress and squeeze* Although the VA has implemented TBI
war-related brain injury funding. Inscreening tools, the validity and
2006, the U.S. House and Senate slashedreliability of the tool has not yet been
the allocated funding for the Defenseestablished.
and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC)* The VA has implemented a protocol to
in half from the previous year.ensure soldiers testing positive for TBI
Traumatic brain injury has been deemedare adequately treated; however, many of
the "signature" injury of the Iraq war,the VA's medical facilities either did
according to military doctors andnot follow the protocol or had
experts. It is imperative for strugglingdifficulty doing so.
soldiers to find assistance with their* Culturally, the VA has found that Iraq
TBI-related disability.veterans feel the VA and its facilities
What is TBI?cater to elderly veterans and do not
Traumatic brain injury is defined as anwant to treat young veterans.
injury that occurs after an abrupt* The VA is struggling with poor rural
trauma causes damage to the brain,access to medical centers as well as
according to the National Institute ofpoor turnout rates for injured vets who
Neurological Disorders and Strokein some cases must drive 100 miles plus
(NINDS). War-related TBI can occur into reach a nearby VA hospital.
many ways and individuals suffering fromLiving With TBI
this and related side effects will findVeterans who are currently living with
symptoms vary on a case-by-caseTBI will find that not only does TBI
diagnosis.affect them, but the ripple effect among
Researchers and scientists are, however,an injured veteran's family and friends
finding several repetitive conditionsis quite extensive. There are an array
and symptoms among TBI victims. Theof clinical trials that a TBI victim can
common signs and symptoms of thesebecome involved in to improve the living
war-related conditions are as followed,conditions as well as to treat the
according to a studies published in thesymptoms of TBI. Some of these clinical
medical journals of Neuropsychology andtrials can be found through the
Brain Injury:following organizations Web sites:
* cognitive issues *decreased attention* National Institute of Neurological
span, including focused, selective andDisorders and Stroke - Brain Resources
sustained attention problems *languageand Information Network (BRAIN)
difficulties* Acoustic Neuroma Association Brain
* lack of motivation *inability toTrauma Foundation
efficiently process information* Brain Injury Association of America
* irritability *depression and anxietyFamily Caregiver Alliance/National
* increased fatigue *headaches *memoryCenter on Caregiving National
loss or disturbanceRehabilitation Information Center
* behavioral issues(NARIC)
* disrupted sleep* National Stroke Association
* post traumatic stress disorder* National Institute on Disability and
In May 2006, the co-founder of the DVBICRehabilitation Research (NIDRR)
testified to a Senate subcommittee thatFinding Brain Injury Assistance
while "body armor may save troops caughtThere are several organizations
in blasts it leaves many with brainavailable to offer assistance
damage," according to a USA Today newsspecifically to those with war-related
report. Additionally, the article citedailments. The following are several of
several disturbing statistics on thethe leading organizations/hospitals:
state of TBI and war veterans.* Walter Reed Army Medical Center
* 10 percent of all troops in IraqDefense and Veterans Brain Injury Center
suffer from concussions during combat.* Defense Center of Excellence for
* 20 percent of all frontline infantryPsychological Health and Traumatic Brain
troops suffer from concussions duringInjury
combat.* National Intrepid Center of Excellence
*Scientists believe the Pentagon mustDeployment Health Clinical Center
screen all troops returning from Iraq.*Center for Study of Traumatic Stress
*The Pentagon has declined screeningsCenter for Deployment Psychology
for all returning troops and only screen* The Department of Defense (DoD) also
a small population of soldiers.offers a search component through their
*If left untreated or untested, multipleWeb site to assist veterans in finding a
head injuries and concussions can causeveteran hospital in their geographic
permanent brain injury.area.
Also, several equally disturbingAdditionally, individuals enduring the
statistics have been reported frompain of a war-related brain injury are
several specialized journals includingencouraged to locate an experienced
Brain Injury, Internal Medicine,traumatic brain injury lawyer who can
Soldiers Magazine, MIT's Technologyprovide assistance with developing a
Review and Perspectives in Psychiatricbrain injury lawsuit. Because of the
Care. These statistics area as follow:nature of these injuries, there should
*Nearly 25 percent of all militarybe no reason why monetary compensation
veterans of the Iraq war are diagnosedis not rewarded to an injured party.
with a mental illness.TBI medical bills can be extremely
* War-related TBI patients oftenexpensive, and this potential for
manifest distinct personality changes.awarded compensation can provide relief
* Of the 35,000 soldiers screened forfrom the stress associated with medical
TBI, approximately 11 percent have hadexpenses.



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